Important information regarding Radioactivity

When composition of a nucleus is not stable then its particles disintegrates to produce different radiations namely α particles, β particles and γ rays. This phenomenon is called radioactivity. It was discovered by H. Becquerel. Also can be defined as the process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy by radiation. A material containing unstable nuclei is considered as radioactive. 

Uranium is a radioactive element. It begins with ₉₂U²³⁸ and finishes with ₈₂Pb²⁰⁶ .

Radiocarbon dating is used in determining the age of carbon bearing materials such as wood, animal fossils, etc.

Uranium dating is used to determine the age of earth, minerals and rocks.

Uses of Radioisotopes

• Iodine-31 is employed to study the structure and activity of thyroid gland also for the treatment of thyroid disease.
• Iodine-123 is used in brain imaging.
• Cobalt-60 is used in external radiation therapy for the treatment of cancer.
• Cobalt-60 is used in external radiation therapy for the treatment of cancer.
• Sodium-24 is injected alongwith salt solution to trace the flow of blood.
• Phosphorous-32 is used for leukemia therapy.
• Carbon-14 is used to study the kinetics of photosynthesis.

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