Hydraulics RGPV Diploma Civil Previous Question paper

Syllabus:

Course Content:

Unit – I Pressure measurement and Hydrostatic pressure  Technical terms used in Hydraulics –fluid, fluid mechanics, hydraulics, hydrostatics and hydrodynamics – ideal and real fluid, application of hydraulics.  Physical properties of fluid – density-specific volume, specific gravity, surface tension, capillarity, viscosity-Newton’s law of viscosity.  Various types of pressure – Atmospheric Pressure, Gauge Pressure, Absolute Pressure, Vacuum Pressure. Concept of Pressure head and its unit, Pascal’s law of fluid pressure and its uses.  Measurement of differential Pressure by different methods.  Variation of pressure with depth, Pressure diagram, hydrostatic pressure and center of pressure on immersed surfaces and on tank walls.  Determination of total pressure and center of pressure on sides and bottom of water tanks, sides and bottom of tanks containing two liquids, vertical surface in contact with liquid on either side

Unit– II Fluid Flow Parameters  Types of flow – Gravity and pressure flow, Laminar, Turbulent, Uniform, Non-uniform, Steady, Unsteady flow. Reynolds number.  Discharge and its unit, continuity equation of flow.  Energy of flowing liquid: potential, kinetic and pressure energy.  Bernoulli’s theorem : statement, assumptions, equation.

Unit– III Flow through pipes  Major head loss in pipe: Frictional loss and its computation by Darcy’s Weisbach equation, Use of Moody’s Diagram and Nomograms.  Minor losses in pipe: loss at entrance, exit, sudden contraction, sudden enlargement and fittings.  Flow through pipes in series, pipes in parallel and Dupuit’s equation for equivalent pipe.  Hydraulic gradient line and total energy line.Water hammer in pipes: Causes and Remedial measures.  Discharge measuring device for pipe flow: Venturi meter – construction and working.  Discharge measurement using Orifice, Hydraulic Coefficients of Orifice.

Unit– IV Flow through Open Channel  Geometrical properties of channel section: Wetted area, wetted perimeter, hydraulic radi- us for rectangular and trapezoidal channel section.  Determination of discharge by Chezy’s equation and Manning’s equation.  Conditions for most economical rectangular and trapezoidal channel section.  Discharge measuring devices: Triangular and rectangular Notches.  Velocity measurement devices: current meter, floats and Pitot’s tube.  Specific energy diagram, Froudes’ Number

Unit– V Hydraulic Pumps  Concept of pump, Types of pump – centrifugal, reciprocating, submersible.  Centrifugal pump: components and working  Reciprocating pump: single acting and double acting, components and working.  Suction head, delivery head, static head, Manometric head  Power of centrifugal pump.  Selection and choice of pump.

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